The NHS has issued a warning to people who regularly take a common medication used to treat heartburn and indigestion. Omeprazole, a widely used drug that reduces the amount of acid produced in the stomach, is prescribed to millions of people in the UK every year.
Omeprazole is among the most widely prescribed medicines in the UK. NHS figures show that around 73 million prescriptions for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including omeprazole, were dispensed in England between 2022 and 2023. Separate estimates suggest that roughly 15% of the population uses a PPI.
It is used to treat conditions such as acid reflux, stomach ulcers and persistent indigestion, and is also available over the counter in pharmacies.
But health guidance from the NHS says the medicine should not be taken for long periods without medical advice.
While omeprazole is considered safe and effective when used as directed, experts warn that prolonged or unnecessary use could increase the risk of certain health problems.
According to NHS information, taking PPIs for extended periods may raise the likelihood of side effects including vitamin B12 deficiency, low magnesium levels and an increased risk of bone fractures.
The guidance stresses that people should only take the medication for the length of time recommended by their doctor or pharmacist.
For those buying the medicine over the counter to treat symptoms such as heartburn or indigestion, the NHS advises using it for short courses only.
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The NHS said in a statement: « Do not take omeprazole for longer than two weeks if you bought it without a prescription. See a GP if your symptoms get worse or do not get better. »
The medication works by reducing the amount of acid produced in the stomach, allowing inflammation to heal and helping to relieve uncomfortable symptoms such as burning chest pain, bloating and nausea.
Doctors may prescribe it for several weeks to allow conditions such as stomach ulcers or oesophagitis to recover.
However, the NHS says people who find they need to take omeprazole regularly should speak to their GP to ensure there is not an underlying condition causing the symptoms.
Patients are also advised to read the information leaflet that comes with the medicine and follow the recommended dosage instructions carefully.
Anyone experiencing persistent indigestion, difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss or severe stomach pain should seek medical advice. These symptoms may require further investigation.
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